Cm In Height Research Articles

Beauty Pageants in the Japanese Colonial Era of Korea (1931 and 1940).

The aim of this study was to analyze the beauty pageants that were held in Korea during the Japanese colonial era (1931, 1940). Through searches of www.google.com and www.naver.com, 3 pageants were found: (1) 1931, Miss Korea, organized by Samchunli (a magazine): Any Korean woman, with the exception of Korean geishas, could apply by submitting her photographs. The number of candidates was 326. Nine Korean judges evaluated the photos of the candidates. Among them, the victor was an 18-year-old Korean woman. (2) 1931 (Oct), Miss Joseon, organized by Osaka Mainichi Shimbun: The candidates were categorized into 2 groups: 10 "internals" (Japanese) and 10 Koreans. Their heights and weights, along with their photographs, were provided for the readers' reference. The winners were determined based on the readers' votes. The Japanese victor was a 21-year-old student with a height of 150cm and a weight of 52kg (body mass index [BMI] 23.11kg/m2). The Korean winner was a 19-year-old student standing at 157cm and weighing 53kg (BMI 21.50kg/m2). (3) 1940, Venus of the Peninsula, organized by Modern Japan (a magazine): The candidates were Korean women residing in Japan or Korea. The panel of judges evaluated the photographs of the candidates. The victor was a 20-year-old Korean geisha. Her winning photograph was featured in the Korean edition of the magazine Modern Japan. She stood at 157cm in height and weighed 45kg (BMI 18.25kg/m2). As beauty standards evolved over time, the beauty standards of the 1930s were markedly different from those of today.

Mapper of the IGM spin temperature (MIST): instrument overview

Abstract The observation of the global 21 cm signal produced by neutral hydrogen gas in the intergalactic medium (IGM) during the Dark Ages, Cosmic Dawn, and Epoch of Reionization requires measurements with extremely well-calibrated wideband radiometers. We describe the design and characterization of the Mapper of the IGM Spin Temperature (MIST), which is a new ground-based, single-antenna, global 21 cm experiment. The design of MIST was guided by the objectives of avoiding systematics from an antenna ground plane and cables around the antenna, as well as maximizing the instrument’s on-sky efficiency and portability for operations at remote sites. We have built two MIST instruments, which observe in the range 25–105 MHz. For the 21 cm signal, this frequency range approximately corresponds to redshifts 55.5 > z > 12.5, encompassing the Dark Ages and Cosmic Dawn. The MIST antenna is a horizontal blade dipole of 2.42 m in length, 60 cm in width, and 52 cm in height above the ground. This antenna operates without a metal ground plane. The instruments run on 12 V batteries and have a maximum power consumption of 17 W. The batteries and electronics are contained in a single receiver box located under the antenna. We present the characterization of the instruments using electromagnetic simulations and lab measurements. We also show sample sky measurements from recent observations at remote sites in California, Nevada, and the Canadian High Arctic. These measurements indicate that the instruments perform as expected. Detailed analyses of the sky measurements are left for future work.

Characterization of native Ya´ax ik chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) in the Yucatan Peninsula

Objective: To morphologically characterize the Ya´ax ik chili pepper: wild chili (Capsicum annuum), native variety from the Yucatan Peninsula. Design/methodology: Ya´ax ik chili pepper seeds were sown in 200-cavity polystyrene trays, and then the plants were placed in bags for hydroponics and were morphologically characterized using the Capsicum descriptor of the International Institute of Genetic Resources. Results: The plant showed 118 cm and 34.8 cm of height and ramification width and width of the intermediate plant, hanging white flowers and green fruits in the early stage and red at maturity with 7.42 and 2.32 cm length and width. Additionally, tolerance to the virus caused by whiteflies could be observed. Findings and conclusions: Plant with morphological characteristics susceptible to be genetically improved for its extensive farming, given the market acceptance of the fresh and dried fruit, supported by market prices.

Growth of Carnation Lemon (Citrus limonia osbeck) seedlings in different levels of rock dust

The Cravo Limo (Citrus limonia Osbeck) is the most used rootstock in Brazil and the world, due to its main characteristic of resistance to water stress, and despite being originally from China, it has adapted very well to Brazilian soils. In a post-war world (Russia and Ukraine), there was a need to improve studies on fertilizers available in the country, namely rock dust (PR), which there are few studies on. With this comes the need to evaluate the development of the carnation lemon tree, using rock dust fertilization. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with seven treatments with 25 replications, with two controls and different levels of fertilization with PR from 25 to 125%, all treatments filled with sandy soil and commercial substrate, totaling 175 lemon seedlings. clove. The preparation of treatments was carried out seven months before transplanting the seedlings, due to the main characteristic of slow release of nutrients from PR. The evaluations were carried out by measuring the plants, measuring height in centimeters and number of leaves counted one by one considering those fully expanded, and after the first seedling reached 15 cm in height, the diameter measured in millimeters began to be measured until reaching the point of grafting. The results obtained through the height and number of leaves show that treatment two with 25% rock dust developed better, and reached the grafting point earlier than the other treatments

Small‐scale fires interact with herbivore feedbacks to create persistent grazing lawn environments

Abstract Fire‐herbivory feedbacks strongly influence the formation of grazing lawns in savanna ecosystems. Preliminary findings suggest that small‐scale (<25 ha) fires can engineer grazing lawns by concentrating herbivores on the post‐burn green flush; however, the persistence of such grazing lawns over the longer term and without repeated fire is unknown. We used high‐resolution Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) to investigate the long‐term effects of fire manipulation on short grass structure (height, cover, volume and spatial continuity) and grazing lawn establishment in Kruger National Park, South Africa. We analysed the effects of fire exclusion and experimental burns applied over a 7‐year period (2013–2019) followed by a 1‐year cessation of burning at varying spatial scales during the early and late dry seasons. Fires contributed a fourfold increase in short grass cover, regardless of fire season or size. The distribution of grass height differed significantly between fire‐induced grazing lawns and recently unburnt parts of the landscape where controlled fires were excluded over the experimental period. The volume (corresponding to bulk density) of short grass on the landscape responded strongly to fires, with grass volume <20 cm in height increasing with both early and late dry season fires. Early dry season fires caused larger and more homogeneous short grass patches. Furthermore, early dry season fires were more influential in increasing the cover of the shortest grass height class (1–5 cm). Synthesis and applications. Our results demonstrate that fire‐induced grazing lawns can persist over the longer term, even when fires are no longer applied, leading to the creation of vertical and horizontal heterogeneity in the grass layer. Small‐scale fires, therefore, represent a feasible management approach to expanding grazing lawn extent, potentially benefiting grazer coexistence and diversity.

Nitrogenated Fertilization In Pasture Brachiaria Brizantha Cv. Marandu Via Organic Compounds

The objective was to evaluate the quantitative and qualitative effect of fertilization of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu using nitrogen from liquid cattle manure and organomineral fertilizer. The experiment was developed in a pasture already established and soil analysis of this area was made for the necessary corrections. The experimental design was randomized blocks in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme. The treatments consisted of control with 0 kg/ha of N, 3 treatments with application of bovine liquid manure and 3 treatments with organomineral fertilizer in the dosages of 60, 120 and 180 kg/ha of N. Three cuts were made in Marandu grass when the pasture reached 30 cm in height, leaving a residue of 15 cm, the production of DM, leaf production, stem, CP, NDF and ADF were evaluated. At the end of the experiment, the cost of fertilizing with manure and organomineral fertilizer was done. To compare the averages obtained and the morphological components of each sample, the Tukey test at 5% significance was used, with the aid of the SISVAR statistical program. With the highest nitrogen levels of organomineral fertilizer and the bovine liquid manure, a higher CP content was obtained, reaching 9.30; 7.78 and 7.90% in the first cut, with organo 180, 120 and manure 180 respectively. Fertilizations with manure 60 and 180, organomineral 120 and 180 showed the lowest values for NDF in the first cut, the ADF only showed a significant difference in the second cut with organo 60, manure 120 and 60 with the highest values. Organomineral fertilizer in different doses provided higher production, but at a higher cost. Fertilization improved the quality of the forage.

Enhanced Scenedesmus obliquus Cultivation in Plastic-Type Flat Panel Photobioreactor for Biodiesel Production

A plastic-type flat panel photobioreactor (PTFPP) prototype was designed for microalgae cultivation as biodiesel feedstock. The growth, biomass, and lipid production of the oleaginous microalga Scenedesmus obliquus were optimized through the enhanced design and cultivation conditions in the PTFPP. The optimization conditions include cultivation of the microalga in a flat panel photobioreactor manufactured from a 10 µm-thick plastic sheet with dimensions of 40 cm in width and 60 cm in height. The width of the designed plastic bags was adjusted by “4 ports” of circular adhesion points which make the volumetric cultural capacity 5 L. Cultivation of the microalga was optimized through the replacement of the sodium nitrate of the BBM medium with urea as a nitrogen source. Cultivation bags were subjected to continuous illumination with 3000 lux white, fluorescent lamps and aerated with 1.5 L air/min (equal to 0.3 VVM). Biomass production from the designed PTFPP reached 3 g/L with around 40% lipid content (on a dry weight basis). Based on a GC-MS analysis of the produced fatty acid methyl ester (biodiesel) from S. obliquus, the percentage of C16 and C18 fatty acids reached more than 90% of the defined fatty acids. Out of this percentage, 66.6% were unsaturated fatty acids. The produced fatty acid profile of the S. obliquus biomass cultivated in the designed PTFPP prototype could be considered a suitable feedstock for biodiesel production.

Association of Maternal Height with Mode of Delivery and Perinatal Outcome

Background: Maternal height has been for long a contributory anthropometric factor that can determine the obstetric outcome. There is always a need of a consistent, reliable, and simple risk indicator which is easy to use for preventing unnecessary complications in a country like India where often antenatal care is provided by dais in rural areas. The background of this research aims to ascertain the relationship between maternal height and mode of delivery based on other intrapartum factors which influence labor and consequent maternal and neonatal outcome. Materials and Methods: All primigravidae at term gestation (>37 weeks) with cephalic presentation on admission to labor suite with no other comorbidities were recruited in the study. Their mode of delivery, maternal outcome, along with neonatal outcome was documented. Results: Out of the 680 patients, 104 patients are considered for the short-stature group (15.29%) who were <150 cm in height. Other group comprised patients who were >150 cm in height, a total of 576 (84.71%). There was a higher incidence of induced labor in the study group (66.35%) and emergency lower-segment cesarean section done due to cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD) (60%) was also higher among the short-stature group. The incidence of normal labor (32.99%) was higher in the tall-stature group. Conclusion: Short height (<150 cm) is an independent risk factor for cesarean delivery due to CPD. Statistical correlation was found between mothers of short stature and babies being born with low birth weight. As labor is influenced by multiple factors, it is fair enough to give a trial of labor for short primigravidae except in uncommon circumstances.

Large Ovarian Cyst - Laparoscopic Entry: A Case Report

This report is aimed at introducing a simple technique to improve safety in drainage of large ovarian cyst managed with laparoscopic techniques. A 31-year-old, nulliparous woman, presented with a massive unilocular ovarian cyst measuring 22.48 cm in height, 18.92 cm in transverse axis, and 8.03 cm antero posteriorly. She had a normal CA125 level. Entry was done with the open technique (Hasson's) at the midpoint between umbilicus and the xiphisternum (Lee Huang). Through this opening the cyst wall was separated by blind dissection to avoid damage to cyst wall. Then the cyst contents were drained with a Veress needle. Troche was inserted through the same incision and pneumoperitoneum was created allowing a routine cystectomy. The critical step in managing large cysts is safe entry and inducing pneumoperitoneum. Using a simple technique, could improve safety resulting in successful a successful outcome of laparoscopic techniques for large ovarian cysts.

KAJIAN PENANGGULANGAN BANJIR DENGAN PERBAIKAN PENAMPANG SITU PONDOK JAGUNG

Flood mitigation of Situ Pondok Jagung caused by it’s inadequate capacity to handle water, resulting in overflow and localized inundation, this study employed an analytical and simulation modeling approach using SWMM 5.1 software. The modeling process required input data such as Rain Gage, Subctachment, Conduit, Juction, Storage Unit, and Outfall. The analysis and modeling revealed a capacity shortfall, evident from the floodwater levels observed in Situ Pondok Jagung. The analysis and modeling results indicate an excess capacity of the storage capacity, as evidenced by the flood water elevation in Situ Pondok Jagung. Thus, the hydraulic analysis in SWMM 5.1 considers two design conditions: the existing condition with a height of 1.5m, showing a total water discharge of 103,75 m3/s, and a storage volume of 119.250 m2. For the planned condition using trial and error experiment, dredging was performed to a depth of 20cm, and an additional 50cm in height was added to the levee. As a result, the height of Situ Pondok Jagung became 2,2m, with zero overflow, and a storage volume of 174.900 m3. This represents a reduction of 40% and indicates that this planning effort could be considered as an alternative solution.

A new automatic sugarcane seed cutting machine based on internet of things technology and RGB color sensor.

Egypt is among the world's largest producers of sugarcane. This crop is of great economic importance in the country, as it serves as a primary source of sugar, a vital strategic material. The pre-cutting planting mode is the most used technique for cultivating sugarcane in Egypt. However, this method is plagued by several issues that adversely affect the quality of the crop. A proposed solution to these problems is the implementation of a sugarcane-seed-cutting device, which incorporates automatic identification technology for optimal efficiency. The aim is to enhance the cutting quality and efficiency of the pre-cutting planting mode of sugarcane. The developed machine consists of a feeding system, a node scanning and detection system, a node cutting system, a sugarcane seed counting and monitoring system, and a control system. The current research aims to study the pulse widths (PW) of three-color channels (R, G, and B) of the RGB color sensors under laboratory conditions. The output PW of red, green, and blue channel values were recorded at three color types for hand-colored nodes [black, red, and blue], three speeds of the feeding system [7.5 m/min, 5 m/min, and 4.3 m/min], three installing heights of the RGB color sensors [2.0 cm, 3.0 cm, and 4.0 cm], and three widths of the colored line [10.0 mm, 7.0 mm, and 3.0 mm]. The laboratory test results s to identify hand-colored sugarcane nodes showed that the recognition rate ranged from 95% to 100% and the average scanning time ranged from 1.0 s to 1.75 s. The capacity of the developed machine ranged up to 1200 seeds per hour. The highest performance of the developed machine was 100% when using hand-colored sugarcane stalks with a 10 mm blue color line and installing the RGB color sensor at 2.0 cm in height, as well as increasing the speed of the feeding system to 7.5 m/min. The use of IoT and RGB color sensors has made it possible to get analytical indicators like those achieved with other automatic systems for cutting sugar cane seeds without requiring the use of computers or expensive, fast industrial cameras for image processing.

First report of soybean root rot caused by Fusarium proliferatum in the Republic of Korea.

Fusarium species are widespread soilborne pathogens that can cause damping-off, root rot, and wilting in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill], subsequently leading to significant yield suppression. Several Fusarium spp. have already been documented for their pathogenicity on soybean plants in the Republic of Korea. The nationwide monitoring of soybean diseases continues to identify new pathogenic Fusarium spp. In 2016, five plant samples at R3-R4 growth stages, showing symptoms of wilting in the upper parts and root rot, were collected in Suwon, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea. Fungal colonies were obtained from the diseased root samples, with the surface sterilized in 1% sodium hypochlorite for 2 min, rinsed thrice with sterile distilled water, and placed on water agar at 25°C. Five isolates were collected and purified by single-spore isolation. The fungal mycelium was subsequently cultivated on potato dextrose agar for ten days. The isolates produced abundant, aerial, and white mycelium and became purple in old cultures. Macroconidia were slender, falcate to almost straight, usually 3 to 5 septated, and thin-walled. Microconidia were formed in chains from polyphalides, clavate or oval, usually single-celled with a flattened base. These characteristics of isolates were consistent with the description of F. proliferatum (Leslie and Summerrell 2006), and the representative isolate 16-19 was selected for molecular identification to confirm its identity as F. proliferatum. Two evolutionarily conserved genes, the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (EF-1α) and the second-largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB2) genes, were partially amplified using the primers described by O'Donnell et al. (2008), resulting in nucleotide sequences of 680 and 382 base pairs, respectively. These two sequences (GenBank accession numbers: OQ992720 and OR060666) showed 100 and 99.5% identity to the EF-1α and RPB2 of F. proliferatum A40 (GenBank accession numbers: KP964907 and KP964842). For the Petri-dish pathogenicity assay (Broders et al. 2007), five surface-sterilized seeds were placed on water agar media with either sterile water or actively growing '16-19' culture. After 7 days of incubation in a growth chamber (25°C; 12-hour photoperiod), brown lesions were observed on the roots of the inoculated plants, while no symptoms were observed in the sterile water-treated controls. The experiment was conducted three times. For root-cut pathogenicity assay, conidial suspension (1×106 conidia/ml) of the isolate '16-19' was prepared with harvested mycelia cultured on PDA for 10 days with sterile water. The roots of 10-day-old soybean seedlings were partially cut and soaked in either the suspension or sterile water for 2 hours. The seedlings were transplanted into 12 cm plastic pots (11 cm in height) and grew in a greenhouse (26 ± 3°C, 13-h photoperiod). The experiment followed a completely randomized design with three replicates (i.e. three plants in a pot), and it was repeated twice. The inoculated plants began to wilt 7 days after inoculation, while the sterile water-treated controls remained healthy. Ten days after inoculation, all plants were collected, washed under running tap water, and evaluated for the presence and severity of root rot using a 0-4 scale (Chang et al. 2015). The inoculated plants exhibited reduced vigor and developed dark brown lesions on their roots. F. proliferatum was reisolated from symptomatic root tissues of the infected plants, while not from those of the controls. Its colony and spores were morphologically identical to those of the original isolate. F. proliferatum was previously reported as a causative agent of soybean root rot in the United States (Díaz Arias et al. 2011) and Canada (Chang et al. 2015). This is the first report of soybean root rot caused by F. proliferatum in the Republic of Korea. This finding implies that F. proliferatum may potentially threaten soybean production in the Republic of Korea and suggests that effective disease management strategies should be established for soybean protection against the disease, along with continuous surveillance.

Pipe Flow Simulation Model on Shrimp Hatching Infrastructure (Hatchery) Through Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS) Approach

The shrimp nursery infrastructure consists of nursery tanks, mechanical filters, biological filters, and ultraviolet (UV) filters. This study aimed to simulate the water level elevation (head) of shrimp nursery infrastructure, especially nursery tanks. The placement of the nursery greatly affects the elevation of the water table owing to the loss of energy (headloss) that occurs in the flow. The nursery tub used in this study was round and consisted of four tubs made of fiber resin measuring 250 cm in diameter and 120 cm in height. The bottom of the tub was placed at an elevation of +40 cm above the ground. The simulation was conducted for 24 hours. The results of the EPANET 2.2 simulation showed head fluctuations in each nursery with the highest elevation (1.38 m and the lowest (1.20 m, from the data. The head fluctuated constantly after 6 h of the flow. The optimal pipe diameters were 3" (80 mm) PVC and 4" (110 mm) PVC. 

Seawater Intrusion at the Grounding Line of Jakobshavn Isbræ, Greenland, From Terrestrial Radar Interferometry

AbstractJakobshavn Isbræ, a major outlet glacier in Greenland, lost its protective ice shelf in 2002 and has been speeding up and retreating since. We image its grounding line for the first time with a terrestrial radar interferometer deployed in 2016 and detect its migration at tidal frequencies. The southern half of the glacier develops a floating section (3 km × 3 km) that migrates in phase with the tidal difference, up to a distance of 2.8 km, far more than previously expected. We attribute the migration to kilometer‐scale seawater intrusions, 10–20 cm in height, with the tide. The intrusions reveal that the glacier bed may be up to 800 m deeper than expected on the south side, which illustrates that our knowledge of bed topography remains limited for this glacier. We expect seawater intrusions to cause rapid melt of basal ice and play a major role in the glacier evolution.

Thermal effects of rayon and polyester hijabs in warm-humid and hot-dry environments

Hijabs are predominantly worn in hot environments, but very rare studies on the thermo-physiological effects of wearing hijabs are found. We investigated the effects of wearing rayon and polyester hijabs on wearers’ physiological and subjective responses in warm-humid and hot-dry environments. Eight females (25.0 ± 2.3 y in age, 157.7 ± 4.1 cm in height, and 50.8 ± 7.5 kg in weight) participated in three conditions (No hijab, rayon hijab, and polyester hijab condition) during exercise in two thermal environments: a warm-humid (30 °C and 70%RH) and a hot-dry environment (36 °C and 30%RH), which generated an identical wet-bulb globe temperature at 27 °C. The results showed that no differences in rectal temperature were found among the three clothing conditions or the two environments, whereas auditory canal temperature was higher in the hot-dry than in the warm-humid environment (P < 0.05) with no differences between the polyester and rayon hijab conditions. Mean skin temperature and neck temperature were higher for the polyester condition than for the rayon condition in the warm-humid environment (P < 0.05). Sweat rate was greater for the polyester hijab condition than for the no hijab condition in the warm-humid environment (P = 0.049). Heart rate was greater for the polyester hijab condition than for the other two conditions in the warm-humid environment (P < 0.05). Subjects felt more thermally uncomfortable when wearing the polyester hijab than the rayon hijab in the warm-humid environment. Greater thermal burden of the polyester hijab when compared to the rayon hijab was marked in the warm-humid environment, not in the hot-dry environment.

Effect of Water Sources on the Growth Performance and Chlorophyll Content of Azolla pinnata R.Br.

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Azolla pinnata R.Br. is an aquatic fern that grows on the surface of water bodies. The unique quality of A. pinnata is its symbiotic relationship with a prokaryotic cyanobacterium (Anabaena azollae), which confers a high rate of nitrogen fixation. It is important to find the growing conditions of Azolla in different water sources for its optimum biomass production for different usages such as biofertilizers, animal feeds, water purification and biofuel production. This preliminary study was conducted to investigate the effect of water sources on the growth performance (shoot biomass, root biomass, root length), and the chlorophyll content of Azolla. Presence of Anabaena in Azolla fronds was monitored by light microscope and number of filaments were counted per leaflet. The experiment utilized three types of water sources (tap water as control (T1), lake water (T2) and cattle manure mixed tap water (T3), in plastic buckets with 40 cm in diameter and 25 cm in height. Each treatment was triplicated in a completely randomized design and total biomass was collected weekly. Data were statistically analyzed using Minitab 17. The highest biomass of Azolla was obtained in T3 from the first week until 8th week and it was higher from T1 and T2. The highest chlorophyll content was obtained in T3 (6.4 SPAD value) showed a significant difference from T1 and T2 (p&lt;0.05). The dry weight of roots and root length in T1 showed a significant difference from T2 and T3 (p&lt;0.05). The highest root length was observed as 5 cm in T1 indicating that roots may be in search of nutrients and the lowest root length was observed as 0.8 cm in T3 with high nutrient concentrations in water. The highest number of Anabaena was observed in the leaflet of Azolla fronds in T3 which in turn increase N content in Azolla plants. It reveals that application of cattle manure in tap water significantly affects the plant biomass and the chlorophyll content of Azolla. Further studies are needed to conduct in large scale growing facilities with different nutrient concentrations of water sources to find sustainable and optimum growing conditions for Azolla and the nutrient concentrations of the plants.&#x0D; Keywords: Azolla, Chlorophyll, Growth performance, Water sources&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Response and behavior of three spot gourami (&lt;em&gt;Trichopodus tricopterus&lt;/em&gt; Pallas, 1770) on fields and electric currents during the fishing process

This research was conducted to explore how fish react and behave when exposed to electric currents during fishing. A total of 160 adult three spot gourami (T. trichopterus) were examined, each measuring approximately 9.75±0.44 cm in total length. The study was performed in a circular tank 180 cm in diameter and 80 cm in height. A Yuasa NS YTZ5S 12-volt, 5 Ah battery served as the electricity source. Fish behavior was monitored using a high-definition video camera capable of capturing 1080 × 60 fps. The findings revealed that at a distance of 30 cm from the electrodes and within 2.35 seconds, the fish exhibited increased swimming speed; signs of distress, fin extension, mild fainting, and tension; a slightly bent body and dorsal fin; and gill valve movement. After 4.15 seconds, the fish exhibited a loss of balance, mouth protrusion, increased fin activity, and a decreased response to external stimuli. Between 5.80 and 8.25 seconds, the fish completely lost balance, became rigid and unresponsive, and exhibited minimal, weak movements. At 20 cm from the electrode, the fish showed signs of anxiety and fainted within 8.10 seconds. At 28.35 seconds, there was partial loss of balance, and between 36.25 and 44.44 seconds, a total loss of balance and near-fainting occurred. However, at 40 cm from the electrode, the fish showed no response due to the extremely weak electric current (0.00–0.91 Ah).

Grade I Meningioma in a cadaver – A case report

In a routine dissection of anatomy department in Ashwini Rural Medical College and Research Centre Kumbhari, Solapur, Maharashtra. While removing the brain from the cadaveric skull.Noticed a small tumor of measuring 1.3cm in length, 1.3cm in breadth and 1.2cm in height, situated at the orbital surface of the brain in the gyrus rectus of a male cadaver.In the histological study it was diagnosed as a Meningioma grade I.It was small size encapsulated tumor on inferior aspect of brain. On histological study, it showed meningo epithelial cells in whorl pattern, blood vessels, fibrous tissue Psammoma bodies, which indicate grade I meningioma.

The utilization of brackish water-induced land through a rice-tiger shrimp coculture system

The brackish water-induced lands are abandoned by their owners because the land is unproductive. These lands are adjacent to the pond. This study aims to evaluate the brackish water-induced land through the rice-tiger shrimp coculture system. The land was reconstructed using excavators into 70 % rice fields and 30 % caren for shrimp cultivation. On this land, cultivation was carried out with Irrigated Inbred Rice (Inpari 34) and tiger shrimp (P) and Inpari 35 and tiger shrimp (T). Each treatment is two replicates. Salt-tolerant rice seeds used are varieties of Inpari 34 and Inpari 35 planted on rice fields after seedbeds for 25 days. Post larvae (PL) of tiger shrimp were adapted to a salinity of 7 ppt for 30 days, to be stocked at a density of 4 ind/m2. The growth of rice and tiger shrimp growth and water quality were monitored at a 14-day interval. Production of rice and tiger shrimp was counted at the end of the study. The results showed that salt-tolerant rice varieties Inpari 34 grew from 40 to 108 cm in height and Inpari 35 grew from 43 to 126 cm with production reach 5.060 ± 64.28 and 4.324 ± 19.09 t/ha, respectively, during 105 days of culture period. The survival rate and body weight of tiger shrimp are 20.19 ± 0.43 % and 11.56 ± 2.36 g for Inpari 34 and 20.83 ± 31.26 % and 12.40 ± 2.42 g for Inpari 35 for 65 days culture period, with production estimated 0.176 ± 0.054 (P) and 0.134 ± 0.010 t/ha (T). Inpari 34 and Inpari 35 rice varieties can be cocultured with tiger shrimp on the brackish water-induced land. Rice-tiger shrimp coculture system can be an alternative technology to restore land function that is intrusive by brackish water-induced land and support food security.

Impact of interactions between common bottlenose dolphins and purse-seiners in the Moroccan Mediterranean region: case study in the Al Hoceima fishing grounds

This study examines the effect of common bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus on the purse-seine fishery for small pelagic fishes in the Mediterranean Sea and the economic consequences thereof. The investigation focused on the fleet registered at the port of Al Hoceima, Morocco, and used information collected from on-board observations and a semi-structured questionnaire with fishermen and ship-owners. A total of 121 dolphins were captured as bycatch during 48 fishing trips, with a mortality rate of 0.23 dolphins per fishing trip. In terms of damage to the fishing gear, the number of observed holes varied between 28 and 230 per net per incident. Though some tears were large, most were <35 cm in height. The cost of repairing the holes in the nets caused by these interactions was estimated at US$179.52 per mending event. The level of interaction between common bottlenose dolphins and the purse-seine fishery targeting small pelagic fishes is a challenge for both fishery management and dolphin conservation.